Pottery-machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. 1.. SHEPARD.

PONEN MAQHINB; V

Patented Deo. 10, 1889.

(No Model.)

...l mnunnuni. lili.

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-UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILBUR L. SlrlE'PARl), OF \V EST HARTFORD, ASSIGi'OR OF ONE-HALF TO H.

BURDET" GOODVIN, TILBUR E. OF ELMWTOOD, CONNECTICUT.'

GOODVIN, AND NEWTELL GOODYIN,

POTTERY-MACHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,099, dated December10, 1889.

Application tiled September l0, 1889.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that l, lVILBUR L. SHEPARD, of Test Hartford, Connecticut,have invented a new and useful Pottery-Machine, of which the followingdescription and claims constitute the specification, and which isillustrated .by the accompany two sheets of drawings.

This invention is particularly applicable to turning non-circularinteriors in articles of io pottery; but it may also be applied toturning non-circular forms in cron articles composed of other material.

Figure l of the drawings is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section looking downward from ther broken line a l) of Figs.l and Fig. l is a central vertical section of the machine on a planeparallel with the view of Fig. l, but showing sundry ofthe parts in adifferent position from what is in- 2o dicated by the full lines of Fig.l, though in the saine position as is indicated by broken lines in thatfigure. Fig. -i is a vertical section looking to the left from thebroken line c d of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a diagram hereinafter ex- 2 5plained.

The letter A indicates the stationary parts of the franie of thenia'chine.

The letter B indica/tes a vertical shaft re Volved by the pulley C whenthat pulley is 3o elevated by the treadle D and the intermediatemechanism' shown in the drawings, so as to inakc a solid frictionalcontact with the disk F., which is itself fixed to the shaft B, thoughthe pulley C, when out of 3 5 contact with the disk E, revolves looselyon that shaft. The upper end of the shaft carries the inold F. The guideG rests upon a iiange which encii'cles the niold sonic distance belowits annular edge. The sleeve I-l 4o reciprocates vertically on the frameof the machine, being pulled upward by the rope I 'and the weight J andbeing forced downward by the lever K and the pitinan L. The treadle Mworks the rod N and the arni O iii one direction, and that arin ispulled in the other direction by the rope P and the spring Q. The arin Cis keyed to the shaft R, and the n n 7 spring S is also fastened to thatshaft, so as to rock with t-he arin O. The sleeve ll is pro- 5o videdwith the rearward extension T, the end Serial No. 328,503. (No model.)

of which reciprocates vertically on the rearward part of the frame A.rlhe sleeve H is also provided with the parallel forward extensions Uand U, between which the slide Y reciprocates when caused to do so bythe oscillation of the spring S working in the central verticallongitudinal opening thereof. The upper end ot' the scraper XV isadjustably fixed in the forward end of that longitudinal opening, andthe stud X. is likewise 6o fixed in the rearward end thereof, and itslower end is provided with the anti-friction roller Y. The forward endsof the extensions U and U are united by the bracket Z.

The inode of operation is as follows: The inold F is provided with clayon its bottoni andthe inner sides'of its annular wall insufficient'quantity to furnish material for the article of pottery to bemade. The lever K is then raised from the position shown in Fig. 7o l`infull lines to that shown in dotted lines in that figure and in fulllines in Figs. 3 and 4, and the sleeve II is thus lowered against theYresistance of the weight J and its forward extensions U and U and theirappurtenances are also lowered freni their positions shown in full linesin Fig. l to the positions shown in dotted lines in that figure. Thatoperation carries the scraper XV down to the center of the niold. Thenthe treadle M is 8o depressed, andthe spring S is thus rocked forwardwith the shaft R. That inotion carries the slide V forward until theroller Y reaches a contact with the outside of the guide G; but thatforward inotion is resisted by the outer edge of the scraper \V soonerreaching contact with the inside of the inass of clay which is upon theinside of the walls of the inold F. Then the treadle D is depressed, soas to bring the loose pulley C into solid fric- 9c tional contact withthe disk E, and to thus cause that disk, the shaft B, the inold F, andthe guide G to participate in the revolution of the pulley. As thatrevolution continues, the' forward edge of the scraper lV 95 turns theinside of the upright annular wall of the clay in the inold into acontour corresponding with the compound curvature of the front edge ofthe scraper in a vertical direction and having a circular forni ofconioo tinually-varying diameter horizontally; but as soon as thatturning has continued so tar as to enable the springS to carry theroller Y into contact with the outside ot' the guide G that guide causesthe stud X, the slide V, and the scraper lV to reciprocate against andunder the action ot the spring S four times during each revolution ofthe mold F and the guide G. That reciprocation o't the scraper lVdepends upon the contour ot' the outside of the guide G in point offrequency and also in point of the varying speed of the various parts ofeach of the backward and forward motions which constitute th atreciprocation. lVhere the outside of, the guide G has the contour shownin Fig. 2, the reeiprocation of the scraper lV, combined with therevolution of the mold F, results in turning the inside of the uprightpart of the clay in that mold with a vertical contour correspon ding tothe com pou nd curve of theforward edge of the scraper lV and into ahorizontal contour, which, instead of being circular, as it was beforethe roller Y reached contact with the outside ot' the guide G, is squarewith slightly-rounded corners, as indicated bythe area which in Fig. 2is bounded by the broken line e. After the interior of the wall ot thearticle of pottery has been turned into the form desired the treadleM isreleased, and the spring Q is thus allowed to raise the arm O, and thusto cause the spring S to oscillat-e backward and carry the scraper lV tothe center of the mold. The lever K is then brought down to the lowerposition shown in Fig. l, and the sleeve ll, with its appurtenances,including the scraper lV, is raised to the position shown in full linesin Fig. 1, so that the finished article of. pottery may be withdrawnfrom the mold. l

Other forms than that resulting from the use of the guide G may beturned on the insides ot' articles of. pottery by substituting for thatguide other guides having different exterior contours.

The rule for making drawings for the manufacture of a guide to produceany desired contour on the inside ol articles of pottery will beunderstood from the following description ot' the method of making thedrawing for the guide G when that: description is studied in connectionwith the diagram of Fig. 5, which illustrates that method.

In the diagram of Fig. 5, the numeral l in dicates a center which iscoincident with the axis of revolution of the mold F, and the numeral?denotes an endless line which represents the horizontal contour of theinside of the annular wall of the article of pottery, the inside ofwhich is turned to that contour by the scraper lV when that scraper isgoverned in its motions by the guide G, and the numeral 3 denotes acircle which represents the inner side of the annular wall of the mold,

` and the inner side of the guide G, and the numeral 5 denotes anendless line which represents the contour of the outer side of the guideG. The radial lines in the diagram of Fig. 5 do not represent anytangible things, but are placed on the diagram ten degrees apart at'terthe diagram is otherwise completed, except as to the line 5, in order tofacilitate the work of thedraftsman in laying out the line 5 from theline f3.

The line 5 is laid out from the line 2 in the 'following manner: A pairof dividers is set with its points such a distance apart as to exactlyreach from the point in line 2 to a point exactly on the opposite sideot' the central point l and ashort distance beyond the ci rele 4. Thepoint thus reached is marked by the divider and becomes the point @c inthe line 5. Then one point ot the dividers is placed upon the point y ofthe line 2, and the other point of the dividers is placed exactly on theopposite side of the central point l, and the point thus reached becomesthe point y in the line 5. Then one point of the dividers is placed uponthe point ,e of line 2, and the other point of the dividers is placedexactly on the opposite side of the central point l, and the point thusreached becomes the point 5 in the line 5. In the same manner all thethirty-six points in the line 5, which are indicated by the junctions ofthe radial lines with that line, are established by measuring with thedividers from all the thirty-six points in the line 2, which arerespectively on the opposite side ot the central point l relatively tovlthe said thirty-six points in the line 5. Then the line 5 is completedby uniting all the thirty-six points which have thus been established,so as to constitute the symmetrically-curved endless line which isdesignated by that numeral in Fig. 5. Thus it appears that the rule forlaying out the contour ot' the outside of a guide for producinganycontonr on the inside of an article of pottery may be stated in thefollowing terms: Establish all part-s of the endless line which is to bemade to represent the contour of the outside of the guide equallydistant from the opposite parts of the endless line which represents thecontour desired for the inside of the article of pottery and have thatcentral point of the diagram which represents the center of revolutionof the article of pottery exactly on a line between each pair ofopposite parts of the two endless lines.

I claim as my inventionl. In a machine for turning non-circular forms,the combination of a guide having a non-circular contour and revolving'concentrically with the revolution of the article being turned, acutter or scraper adapted to work on 011e side of that center ofrevolution, and a reciprocating slide working across that center ofrevolution and adapted to govern the cutter or scraper in accordancewith reciprocating motion received by it from the guide on theopposite-side of that center ot' revolution.

IOO

IIO

2. The combination of the treadle M, the

rod N, the arm O, the Spring` Q, the shaft R, and the Spring; S, allsubstantially as described.

The combination of the Sleeve Il, the leve'r K, the slide V, and thescraper lV, all. substantially as described.

4. The combination of the sleeve ll, prou vided with the extensions Uand U', and the slide V,reciprocating between those extensions, allsubstantially as described. l

5. In a machine for turning` non-circular forms, the combination of agnde having a non-circular contour, a revolving holder for.

the article to be turned, a cutter or scraper VVILBUR L. SHEPARD.

Witnesses:

ALBERT H. WALKER, PHEBIE A. PHELPS.

